What to import, how to do it, who to trust, are the
questions that arise when deciding to import products from China. There is a
clear fact: be it a natural person or a company, without the necessary
information on the "step by step" or import process, this venture can
turn into a nightmare. For this reason, the Asia Pacific Portal of the Library
of Congress prepared a “check list” of the key steps to embark on a business
adventure with China.
What to import, how to do it, who to trust, are the
questions that arise when deciding to import products from China. There is a
clear fact: be it a natural person or a company, without the necessary
information on the "step by step" or import process, this venture can
turn into a nightmare. For this reason, the Asia Pacific Portal of the Library
of Congress prepared a “check list” of the key steps to embark on a business
adventure with China.
Step by Step
1.- What to import : If you are not clear about
which product to import, you can search for them through the Chinese portal,
where you will find the companies and their offer classified by category.
2.- Where to certify the veracity of Chinese
exporting companies: One of the bottlenecks when importing is knowing whether
the company with which you want to do business exists or not. Although the
Chinese government does not manage an official directory, in Chile the Asia
Pacific Chamber of Commerce has made great efforts to create a database that
certifies and confirms legal registration, import / export permits, experience,
payment capabilities and status. financials of exporting companies.
3.- Contact with exporter: "To do business you
have to be friends", as the Chinese say when starting negotiations with
any Westerner. For this reason it is crucial for the success of the import to
maintain and develop direct contact with the exporter.
Although this relationship can be built via email,
experts in the field recommend, above anything else, “person-to-person” contact
and travel to China to meet the exporting company. If this is not possible, one
of the alternatives that facilitates and ensures that the business becomes a
reality, is to hire the service of a trader. The trader is the person who acts
as a bridge between the supplier and the buyer.
Usually not only handles Chinese, but also cultural
codes, essential when closing a transaction.
4.- Product sample: One way to ensure the quality
of imported cargo is to request a product sample. However, great care must be
taken when closing the transaction, since blind reliance on the sample does not
ensure the quality of the entire shipment. For this reason, the Trader's
service is recommended if traveling to China is not an option. If you do not
take either of these two alternatives, you will always run the risk of faulty
shipments.
5.- Benefits of FTA: It is essential to find out
about the benefits of the trade agreements determined in the Free Trade
Agreement between Chile and import
China. Knowing if the
required product has tariff and customs advantages can be decisive in the
importation.
6.- Definition of payment methods: The most common
and internationally validated are documentary credit, foreign or bank collection
and cash payment (advance).
Foreign or bank collection refers to payment
through commercial banks corresponding to each country. It is necessary to
underline that in this type of payment, the bank only complies with the
instructions given by the drawer.
Cash payment is the riskiest, although if the
company meets all the certification requirements, it can provide greater
security at the time of the transaction.
If the operation is carried out by a certified
broker or Trader, the risk of scams in this regard is reduced.
7.- Shipping operation, contracting freight and
insurance: If the purchase clause agreed by the parties (Inco terms) requires
the supplier to contract freight and / or insurance, it must do so and confirm
to the buyer the means of transport that the merchandise, departure date,
flight number, ship name, travel delay time and estimated date of arrival.
If there are no clauses that hold the provider of
these services responsible, you must arrange the delivery of goods at a place
established by both. Transportation is the buyer's full responsibility, in
addition to coordinating with a customs agent the reception of the products at
the port of arrival and the internment.
8.- Reception of products: Upon receipt of the
product at the customs office of entry, the customs agent will proceed to the
customs processing that allows the admission of the product, the payment
corresponding to the taxes and charges to which it is released. The importer
will receive from the commercial bank the documents that will be used by the
agent to carry out the customs destination.
9.- Customs processing: This stage is also carried
out by a customs agent, having three important aspects under his
responsibility: customs valuation, where the payment of taxes is determined.
The tariff classification, where the tariff preferences that products have when
negotiated in the FTA are set. And finally, the description of the merchandise
and registration of the products in the Customs databases.
10.- Withdrawal of merchandise: Upon declaration of
acceptance of the income. Customs determines the selection of Capacity, being
able to determine Physical, Documentary, or No Review.
If the operation is selected for "Physical
Gauging" or "Documentary", upon cancellation of the internment
charges, Customs officials certify that there is agreement between documents
and physical merchandise contained in the shipments, in addition to supervising
the correct application of legal regulations current.
If the operation was selected as "No
Review", once the internment charges are canceled, the goods are
immediately removed.
Imports can
be carried out without problems if you have the key knowledge and are attentive
to bureaucratic and cultural details. A good option to reduce uncertainty is to
seek advice from Chambers of Commerce such as the Chilean Chinese Chamber of Commerce,
Industry and Tourism.
Facts to
consider: Cultural differences
Not knowing the cultural differences have also been
one of the most common mistakes of entrepreneurs when starting a business with
China. The negotiation process is conditioned by their customs and traditions,
and trust is one of the most valued characteristics in a commercial exchange.
The
requirement, and meticulousness in a job is essential for a Chinese
businessman, and these singularities should also be part of those who do
business with them, especially if they are foreigners. Likewise, listening
before you speak, and showing an honest interest in the other party, will
facilitate communication considerably. The key to achieving a good agreement is
to be culturally sensitive, careful and above all flexible to your culture when
starting a business.
Read also: What do I need to know to import and export
goods?